近日，中國通量觀測研究網絡（ChinaFLUX）在國際學術期刊Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (Q1, IF=6.2) 上發布20周年?？?/span>“Carbon, nitrogen and water fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems in China”，?？懻摿酥袊懙厣鷳B系統碳、水和能量通量的變異、主要驅動因素和調控機制等問題。研究結果揭示了中國大陸尺度的碳水能量通量和關鍵生態系統功能性狀的空間格局，探討了這些通量如何響應環境變化和人類活動。

生態系統與大氣間的碳、水和能量交換是生物圈生物地球化學循環和生物物理過程的核心，不僅決定了生態系統物質生產、水源涵養、養分固持等生態系統功能，還影響著區域和全球的氣候系統、自然資源及生態環境變化。近幾十年來，在氣候變化和人類活動的影響下，陸地生態系統的碳水循環和能量平衡發生了顯著變化，這些過程的時空演變和驅動因素以及相應的資源環境效應是生態學研究的重要領域，也是制定環境政策的科學基礎。

生態系統碳、水和能量交換過程不僅高度耦合，并且這種耦合隨著時間尺度、氣候和生態系統類型而變化。認知這些耦合過程的動態演變及其相互作用，需要開展系統性的長期野外觀測。渦度相關協方差技術是在生態系統尺度上定量測定生態系統碳、水和能量交換過程的國際標準方法，在過去三十年中得到了廣泛使用。渦度相關通量觀測技術的不斷發展推動了北美和南美(AmeriFlux)、歐洲(EuroFlux和CarboEurope)、亞洲(ChinaFLUX和AsiaFlux)、澳大利亞(OzFlux)和全球(FLUXNET)通量網絡的建立。中國通量觀測研究網絡(ChinaFLUX) 是于2002年建立的一個國家尺度的陸地生態系統碳、氮、水和能量通量系統監測網絡，現已成為AsiaFlux和FLUXNET的重要組成部分。

ChinaFLUX長期致力于溫室氣體通量、環境因子和生態過程的系統化觀測。目前，ChinaFLUX擁有80多個觀測站點(24個森林、18個草地、18個農田、15個濕地、2個荒漠、2個灌木、1個城市和1個湖泊站點)，覆蓋了我國主要的生態系統類型，和從熱帶到寒溫帶的不同氣候區。ChinaFLUX在我國主要氣候區和生態系統類型中開展了長達二十年的連續觀測，為量化我國生態系統碳、水和能量通量的時空變異及其對環境變化的響應提供了強有力的科學認知和數據支撐。

基于ChinaFLUX20年的生態系統通量和環境要素觀測，該?？攸c回答了以下三大科學問題：

(1) ??生態系統的碳、水和能量通量及其相互作用在不同的生物群系間如何變異？

(2) ??中國典型生態系統類型的碳、水和能量通量的季節和年際變異及其主要驅動因素是什么？

(3) ??環境變化和人類活動如何影響生態系統碳、水和能量通量？

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?????？?/span>ChinaFLUX20年來積累的通量數據，在大陸尺度上揭示了中國碳水通量和主要生態系統功能性狀的空間格局，以及這些通量如何響應環境變化和人類活動。結果表明，近20年來，環境變化和人類活動對中國陸地生態系統碳、水和能量通量產生了顯著影響。

同時，ChinaFLUX在《中國科學數據》期刊上發表了20周年數據?？?，相關數據集發布于國家生態科學數據中心，為我國的資源環境和生態學研究、生態安全評估、生態環境保護、區域生態治理以及應對氣候變化決策制定提供可靠數據支撐。

ChinaFLUX二十周年系列研究成果和數據集的發布將在提升我們對當前和未來氣候條件下生態系統功能的理解中長期作出貢獻，并持續推進我國科學數據的交流與共享！

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《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》?？溄樱?/span>

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/agricultural-and-forest-meteorology/special-issue/10N4RK5CDS3

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《中國科學數據》數據?？溄?/span>:

http://csdata.org/p/paper_search/?content_type_ids=766

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?？撐模?

1.?Yu,?G. R. et al., Carbon, water and energy fluxes of terrestrial ecosystems in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109890 (主旨論文)

2.?Chen, L.F. et al., The long-term effects of thinning on soil respiration vary with season in subalpine spruce plantations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109756.

3.?Dou, X. J. et al., High spatial variability in water use efficiency of terrestrial ecosystems throughout China is predominated by biological factors. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109834.

4.?Guo, X. N. et al., Dynamics and biophysical controls of nocturnal water loss in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation cropland: a multi-temporal scale analysis. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109701

5.?Li, X. et al., Stronger control of surface conductance by soil water content than vapor pressure deficit regulates evapotranspiration in an urban forest in Beijing, 2012–2022. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109815.

6.?Lin, Y. et al., Spatial patterns of light response parameters and their regulation on gross primary productivity in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109833.

7.?Liu, W. H. et al., Importance of the memory effect for assessing interannual variation in net ecosystem exchange. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109691.

8.?Liu, Z. G. et a., Precipitation consistently promotes, but temperature oppositely drives carbon fluxes in temperate and alpine grasslands in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109811.

9.?Ma, L. X. et al., Cascade effects of climate and vegetation influencing the spatial variation of evapotranspiration in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109826.

10.?Sun, M. Y. et al., Climate-shaped vegetation dominated the spatial pattern of the Bowen ratio over terrestrial ecosystems in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorolog, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109816.

11.?Wang, J. L. et al., Ecosystem carbon exchange across China’s coastal wetlands: spatial patterns, mechanisms, and magnitudes. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109859.

12.?Wang, L. H. et al., Seasonal patterns of carbon and water flux responses to precipitation and solar radiation variability in a subtropical evergreen forest, South China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109760.

13.?Wang, T. X. et al., Effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on carbon allocation and vegetation carbon turnover time of forest eco-systems in China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109853.

14.?Wang, T. et al., Time-lag effects of flood stimulation on methane emissions in the Dongting Lake floodplain. China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109677.

15.?Wang, Y. B. et al., Seasonal variations and drivers of energy fluxes and partitioning along an aridity gradient in temperate grasslands of Northern China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109736.

16.You, C. H. et al., Inner Mongolia grasslands act as a weak regional carbon sink: a new estimation based on upscaling eddy covariance observations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109719.

17.?Yue, Z. W. et al., Seasonal variations and driving mechanisms of CO2 fluxes over a winter-wheat and summer-maize rotation cropland in the North China plain. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109699.

18.?Zhang, T. et al., Analysis of the optimal photosynthetic environment for an alpine meadow ecosystem. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109651

19.?Zhang, T. et al., Drought-induced resource use efficiency responses in an alpine meadow ecosystem of northern Tibet. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109745.

20.?Zhao, W. et al., The temporal response of soil respiration to environment differed from that on spatial scale. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109752.

21.?Zhou, H. X. et al., Spatiotemporal characteristics of evaporation in China and its response to revegetation in a typical region by a generalized complementary approach. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109700

22.?Zhu, X.J. et al., Ecosystem responses dominate the trends of annual gross primary productivity over terrestrial ecosystems of China during 2000–2020. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. agrformet.2023.109758.

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